On the anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre, China’s official People’s Daily ran the word “development” twenty times across a single front-page article — asserting, as it has for three decades, that economic growth can offset the need to discuss thorny questions like human rights and democracy.

When Beijing recalled twin giant pandas from Tokyo’s Ueno Zoo in January, it was the most visible sign yet of a Sino-Japanese relationship at its lowest point in years — driven by Tokyo’s plain talk on Taiwan. Beijing’s response has worked on two tracks: coercive pressure and the official language of “friendship” and “culture.”

As the Mid-Autumn Festival approached this September, the propaganda office of China’s Yunnan province organized nearly identical cultural galas in Hanoi and Phnom Penh — a window into how “friendship” and “culture” function as organizing principles of Chinese foreign policy in Southeast Asia.